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Acute venous congestion leads to blood stasis in the tissue and impaired blood perfusion. Using medicinal leech is an old method for reducing tissue congestion. There are numerous factors in leech saliva and hirudin that have important roles in the leeching beneficial effect. In this study, an animal study was performed to compare leech therapy with heparin therapy in the treatment of acute venous congestion. Thirty male rats were divided into three groups. In the first group, an acute venous congestion was induced at the thigh. Decongestion was performed through the touch of hirudo medicinalis leech. In the second group, heparin sodium was injected, after tourniquet removal. Eventually, no treatment or procedure was performed in the third group after opening of tourniquet. Histopathological and biochemical analysis were performed in these rat. Edema size in heparin therapy and control groups was significantly greater than leech therapy group. Creatine phosphokinase blood level in leech therapy group was significantly lower than the control group, but this difference was unobserved between heparin therapy and control. In contrast, the level of lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase greatly increased in the control group, which received no intervention. Also in histopathological assessment, the level of tissue damage in both heparin and leech therapy groups showed a significant decrease as compared to the control group. Leech therapy can probably be more effective in the reducing of cellular damage caused by acute tissue congestion as compare to heparin therapy.

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVD-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The immunothrombosis could occur during infection with viruses. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a devastating condition that usually involves the lower extremities. The typical course of DVT is associated with an episode of enormous limb swelling and pain. In this case report, we aimed to present one of the COVID-19 possible complications: DVT in a 38 years old man infected with SARS-CoV-2. A 38 years old man presented with leg pain. He had a dry cough and fatigue suspicious symptoms of COVID-19. For further evaluations, the lung Computed Tomography scan (CT-scan), labratorical assessments, and doppler sonography of the common femoral vein (CFV) of both legs were done. Also, for investigating the other underlying causes of DVT, abdominopelvic CT-scan and lumbosacral Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were done. The CT-scan showed Ground-Glass Opacity (GGO) view. Labratorical assessment proposed a thrombotic condition. The doppler sonography of the CFV of both legs revealed a massive thrombosis in the left CFV suggesting an acute DVT. Abdominopelvic CT-scan and lumbosacral MRI were negative for other underlying causes of DVT. COVID-19 is associated with the classical syndrome named disseminated intravascular coagulation and the subsequent consumption coagulopathy presented as DVT.