2024-03-29T10:36:03+03:30 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=13&slc_lang=en&sid=1
13-191 2024-03-29 10.1002
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Pharm Biomed Res 2423-4486 2423-4494 10.29252/pbr 2018 4 1 An overview on oral drug delivery via nano-based formulations Ramin Mohammadzadeh m.ramin.m@gmail.com Yousef Javadzadeh javadzadehy@gmail.com Oral drug administration is used for a large number of medications, intended to create a systemic effect in the body. Over the recent years, an increasing attention has been directed by pharmacists toward the development of successful formulations for oral drug delivery. However, this issue is still controversial in pharmaceutical technology with many limitations due to the numerous barriers against the absorption and permeability in the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, drug carriers play an important role in providing prolonged release and delivery and overcome the multiple barriers of maintaining appropriate bioavailability. Nano scaling of the particles, carriers, and polymers has also provided the capability to characterize and control materials in order to produce unique pharmaceutical components and structures. Furthermore, personalized healthcare, rational drug design, and site-specific targeted drug delivery are some of the profits gained from a nano-based formulation approach. This review aimed to evaluate the evidence on some different types of nanoscaled drug delivery systems, which allow for the delivery of small-molecule drugs and facilitate the merging of larger particles, such as nucleic acids, peptides, and proteins. The delivery of these molecules to the exact target areas inside the body can be accomplished, which would decrease systemic adverse effects and allow for more effective application of the pharmaceutical preparations. Oral drug delivery nanoparticles bioavailability nanotechnology 2018 8 01 1 7 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf 10.18502/pbr.v4i1.139
13-189 2024-03-29 10.1002
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Pharm Biomed Res 2423-4486 2423-4494 10.29252/pbr 2018 4 1 Investigation on some main glycosides content of Stevia rebaudian B. under different concentrations of commercial and synthesized silver nanoparticles zohreh majlesi z.majlesii@yahoo.com Moazzameh Ramezani mo.ramezani@yahoo.com Mahyar Gerami m.gerami@yahoo.com Stevia rebaudiana B. extract as a low-calorie sweetener has gained worldwide approval. Synthesized nanoparticles by plant have been used in different programs such as medical, pharmaceutical and agricultural fields. Here, we report the increase of the main glycosides of stevia plant with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) treatment. This fact has stimulated research on the analysis and comparison of different concentrations of commercial and synthesized AgNPs on the glycosides of stevia plant by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After AgNPs synthesis, spectrum absorption of extracts was analyzed in different ranges from 300 to 700 nm and the maximum peak was observed at 420 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph of synthesized AgNPs from Stevia rebaudiana extract showed spherical shape with the size of 25 nm. A comparison between quantities of glycoside by HPLC under both treatments of AgNP exhibited that synthesized AgNPs were more effective than commercial AgNPs on stevioside and then rebaudioside. On the other hand, results showed that increasing AgNP concentration in both treatments will lead to glycoside content enhancement. Overall, significant changes were observed in the glycosides in plants under synthesized and commercial AgNP treatment that could be used to create plants with higher quality of glycosides for pharmaceutical approaches. Silver nanoparticle green synthesis silver nanoparticle plant extracts Stevia rebaudiana 2018 8 01 8 14 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.pdf 10.18502/pbr.v4i1.140
13-190 2024-03-29 10.1002
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Pharm Biomed Res 2423-4486 2423-4494 10.29252/pbr 2018 4 1 Serum vitamin D levels in girls with central precocious puberty Mohammadreza Rafati rafati293@yahoo.com Daniel Zamanfar danielzamanfar@yahoo.com Seyedeh-Nesa Rezaeian Shiadeh nesarezaeian@yahoo.com Fatemeh Faramarzi faramarzif1984@gmail.com Mohsen Aarabi mohsen_aarabi@yahoo.com Hamid Rayati Damavandi amir11aina@yahoo.com Precocious puberty can cause several adverse effects on final growth and social behavior in girls. Recent studies showed that low serum level of vitamin D might be associated with precocious puberty. The aim of this research was to investigate the association between serum vitamin D level and central precocious puberty in girls. Girls with central precocious puberty under the age of eight were enrolled in the study. Subjects with brain tumor, inherent adrenal hyperplasia, or thyroid dysfunction were excluded from the study. Age, weight, height, serum level of vitamin D, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, free thyroxin (FT4), bone age, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and Tanner stages were determined for all the subjects. Healthy girls with no precocious puberty were considered as the control group. Finally, 58 girls (28 with central precocious puberty and 30 healthy) were included in the study. The average levels of serum vitamin D were 12.9 ± 7.8 ng/mL and 15.2±5.9 ng/mL in the case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.02). We found that 37% of girls with precocious puberty were in Tanner stage 2 and 63% in stage 3. The serum vitamin D level had considerable relationship with chronological-bone age difference (P < 0.01). Vitamin D deficiency was more common in girls with central precocious puberty than those with normal sexual maturation. Insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D were more common in girls who were evaluated in this study in comparison with other studies. Vitamin D precocious puberty bone age 2018 8 01 15 19 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf 10.18502/pbr.v4i1.141
13-192 2024-03-29 10.1002
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research Pharm Biomed Res 2423-4486 2423-4494 10.29252/pbr 2018 4 1 The determination of antioxidants activity and sunblock Sterculia populifolia extract- based cream Nur Khairi khairinur10@gmail.com Suryani As'ad asadsuryani8@gmail.com Khaeruddin Djawat khaeruddindjawat@gmail.com Gemini Alam geminialam911@gmail.com Sterculia populifolia is commonly used as the ingredient of traditional herb in Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. It contains flavonoid which roles as antioxidant. This flavonoid can be sunblock due to the existence of chromophore which commonly gives color to plants. This study aimed to determine the activity of antioxidants and sunblock through the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) from Sterculia populifolia extract-based cream and cream preparation extract. This cream was formulated into four formulas; extract concentrate 0% (F0), 1% (F1), 3% (F2) and 5% (F3). The result showed that the whole formula of cream preparation filled the physical stability parameter. F3 cream had IC50 79.179 ppm value while SPF had 5.6 value higher than F1 and F2. The smaller the IC50 value, the bigger antioxidant activity and SPF increased. Sterculia Populifolia Dc Sun Protector Factor Antioxidant activity 2018 8 01 20 26 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.pdf 10.18502/pbr.v4i1.142