en داروسازی بالینی Clinical Pharmacy گزارش مورد case report <strong>Background</strong>: Buspirone is an anxiolytic medication that selectively alleviates anxiety without the anticonvulsant, sedative, or muscle-relaxant effects associated with benzodiazepine. To the best of our knowledge, case reports of nocturnal urinary incontinence in buspirone users have not yet been&nbsp;published.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Case Report: </strong>We report a 52-year-old female patient with urinary incontinence during sleep (once or twice a week) associated with buspirone (10 mg/day). The patient&rsquo;s nocturnal enuresis problem disappeared immediately after the discontinuation of buspirone.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The mechanism underlying this effect is known. These medications influence neurotransmitter systems that modulate bladder control, altering micturition patterns. Antidepressants affect central nervous system pathways that regulate bladder function, potentially decreasing inhibitory control and increasing detrusor muscle sensitivity. Reporting rare drug side effects is crucial for enhancing patient safety and improving pharmacovigilance.&nbsp; Urinary incontinence, Nocturnal enuresis, Buspirone, Case reports 271 276 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1231-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini hosseinish20@gmail.com 100319475328460011670 100319475328460011670 No Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Hamed Ghazvini hghazvini1@gmail.com 100319475328460011671 100319475328460011671 No Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani Seyedhoseini_sm@yahoo.com 100319475328460011672 100319475328460011672 No Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Raheleh Rafaiee rachel.rafaie@yahoo.com 100319475328460011673 100319475328460011673 Yes Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.