Volume 11, Issue 4 (2025)
Pharm Biomed Res 2025, 11(4): 311-330 |
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1- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (222 Views)
Background: The introduction of highly specific drug nanoparticles (NPs) into cancer cells has demonstrated a broad therapeutic potential with diminished toxicity. Hence, the synthesis of nanoparticles has garnered significant interest among researchers
Objectives: This study presents an eco-friendly method for synthesizing gold NPs (AuNPs) using Scutellaria multicaulis and Heracleum persicum stem extracts, Sanguisorba officinalis root, and H. persicum fruit extracts, and evaluates their anticancer effects.
Methods: The characterization of AuNPs was studied using UV–visible, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light-scattering (DLS), Zeta potential (ZP), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of AuNPs were evaluated using colorimetric analysis. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and apoptosis assays were used to assay their cytotoxic potential.
Results: The absorption peaks were between 535 and 545 nm. FE-SEM and EDX analyses revealed that the AuNPs were oval in shape with a crystal size of 10-30 nm. XRD data showed the crystal structures of AuNPs to be 7.41, 7.61, 7.61, and 7.84 nm for stems of S. multicaulis (Sm-S)-AuNPs, stems of H. persicum (Hp-S)-AuNPs, roots of S. officinalis (So-R)-AuNPs, and fruits of H. persicum (Hp-F)-AuNPs, respectively. FT-IR suggested that elements such as phenolics, aromatic compounds, and proteins played a role in the reduction and stabilization of AuNPs. The mean size of AuNPs was ascertained using a Zetasizer, with measurements of 60.46, 41.2, 51, and 50.27 nm for Sm-S-AuNPs, Hp-S-AuNPs, So-R-AuNPs, and Hp-F-AuNPs, respectively. ZP analysis showed that AuNPs are negatively charged, indicating good dispersion stability. AuNPs had a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and exhibited strong inhibitory effects on MDA-MB231 cell proliferation. Sm-S-AuNPs demonstrated anticancer effects in vitro by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Conclusion: Overall, the results affirm the potential of the examined plant extract as a viable raw biomaterial for the synthesis of biologically active AuNPs. These could be instrumental in developing novel antitumor agents to combat breast cancer.
Objectives: This study presents an eco-friendly method for synthesizing gold NPs (AuNPs) using Scutellaria multicaulis and Heracleum persicum stem extracts, Sanguisorba officinalis root, and H. persicum fruit extracts, and evaluates their anticancer effects.
Methods: The characterization of AuNPs was studied using UV–visible, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light-scattering (DLS), Zeta potential (ZP), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of AuNPs were evaluated using colorimetric analysis. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and apoptosis assays were used to assay their cytotoxic potential.
Results: The absorption peaks were between 535 and 545 nm. FE-SEM and EDX analyses revealed that the AuNPs were oval in shape with a crystal size of 10-30 nm. XRD data showed the crystal structures of AuNPs to be 7.41, 7.61, 7.61, and 7.84 nm for stems of S. multicaulis (Sm-S)-AuNPs, stems of H. persicum (Hp-S)-AuNPs, roots of S. officinalis (So-R)-AuNPs, and fruits of H. persicum (Hp-F)-AuNPs, respectively. FT-IR suggested that elements such as phenolics, aromatic compounds, and proteins played a role in the reduction and stabilization of AuNPs. The mean size of AuNPs was ascertained using a Zetasizer, with measurements of 60.46, 41.2, 51, and 50.27 nm for Sm-S-AuNPs, Hp-S-AuNPs, So-R-AuNPs, and Hp-F-AuNPs, respectively. ZP analysis showed that AuNPs are negatively charged, indicating good dispersion stability. AuNPs had a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and exhibited strong inhibitory effects on MDA-MB231 cell proliferation. Sm-S-AuNPs demonstrated anticancer effects in vitro by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Conclusion: Overall, the results affirm the potential of the examined plant extract as a viable raw biomaterial for the synthesis of biologically active AuNPs. These could be instrumental in developing novel antitumor agents to combat breast cancer.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Nanotechnology
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