Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research

en Phytochemical Composition and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity of Guiera senegalensis Methanolic Leaf Extract Against Clinical Isolates اتنوفارماکولوژی Ehtnopharmacology پژوهشي Original Research Background: The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance has intensified the search for alternative therapies from natural sources. Guiera senegalensis, a medicinal shrub widely used in African traditional medicine, has shown promising antimicrobial properties attributed to its rich phytochemical content. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, and the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanolic leaf extract of Guiera senegalensis against some selected clinical isolates. Methods: Fresh leaves of G. senegalensis were collected, air-dried, and extracted using 70% methanol. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard qualitative techniques. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were assessed using agar well and disk diffusion methods. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC) were determined via serial dilution. Results: The extract contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Antimicrobial activity was concentration-dependent, with E. coli and S. aureus showing the highest bacterial susceptibility (zones of inhibition up to 29 mm) and F. oxysporum exhibiting strong antifungal sensitivity (25 mm at 500 mg/mL). MIC values ranged from 31.25 to 125 mg/mL for bacteria and fungi, while MBC/MFC values ranged from 62.5 to 250 mg/mL. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Guiera senegalensis demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria and filamentous fungi.   Guiera senegalensis, antimicrobial activity, antifungal, antibacterial, clinical isolates 0 0 http://pbr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1329-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Albashir Tahir albashirtahir@sazu.edu.ng 100319475328460012348 100319475328460012348 Yes Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Aishatu Sani Muhammad ayshart03@gmail.com 100319475328460012349 100319475328460012349 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Gideon Makeri Ayuba ayubagideon2020@gmail.com 100319475328460012350 100319475328460012350 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Al-ameen Abubakar Aminu alameenabubakar571@gmail.com 100319475328460012351 100319475328460012351 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Aminu Samaila Lassi aslassi@sazu.edu.ng 100319475328460012352 100319475328460012352 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Khadija Abdullahi Kobi kakobi@atbu.edu.ng 100319475328460012353 100319475328460012353 No Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Nazif Ayuba nazifyakubu@gmail.com 100319475328460012354 100319475328460012354 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria Saddam Ahmad ahmadsaddam554@gmail.com 100319475328460012355 100319475328460012355 No Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Sa'adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria